Electric incandescent lamp with gas filling and a holder for the incandescent wire.



E. PODSZUS. .ELECTRIC IN CANDE SCENT LAMP WITH GAS FILLING AND A HOLDER FOR THE iNCAND'ESCENT WIRE. APPLICAHON FILED NOV. 13. 1914.

-1;234,691 Patented July 24, 1917.

, INVENTOI? 044 6 5044 M A TTORNE K phere UNITED STATES PATENT o IoE.

EMILPODSZUS, 0F NEiIK'oLnN, GERMANY.

ELECTRIC INcANnEscENrLAi/ir WITH ens FILLING AND A moannnscnnr WIRE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL;.PODSZUS, a subject of the German Emperor, residin 3 at Neukolln, in the Kingdom of Prussia, erman Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Incandescent Lamps with Gas Filling and Holders for the Incandescent ires, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical gas lamps. If such lamps are to burn in any position, a large number of holders is re-' quired, which must be disposed in a comparatively small space. If these holders are made of metal only, the economy of the lamp is greatly reduced, since, in order to secure sufficient stability, the holders must be made rather thick, on account of which considerable heat is lost.

My invention has for its object to so secure the incandescent filaments or holders that, on the one hand, such great losses in heat are avoided, while, on the other hand, the holders can be conveniently insulated from each other. This object is obtained by the employment of insulating holders. Since several tungsten wires can be conveniently placed close together on the same holder, the holders are subjected to great heat resulting in very high temperatures. Host materials can not stand these high temperatures, especially since to the effects of these temperatures are still added the efi'ects of the electric current, whereby, in combination with the gas, almost all materials are, in the end, decomposed.

As materials best suited for my purpose, have been found nitrogen compounds, nitrids, such as boron nitrid, and the like. Though these materials possess an extraordinary insulating capacity, even at high temperatures, yet the electric current and the temperature, in time, cause changes, which finally lead to destruction. Since these changes can, however, only consist in the separation of nitrogen which separation in an atmosphere of nitrogen is held up or compensated for, the employment of nitrids is of decisive advantage in electric gas lamps, filled with nitrogen, or an atmoscontaining nitrogen in sufficient amount. In this case, a permanent insulation is easily obtained. The atmosphere need contain only nitrogen sufficient to prevent decomposition. Ammonia can, there- Harem For. THE

Specification of Letters Patent. Pa tente'dJifly 24-, 1 9,1 7, I Application-filed November 13,1914. semi No. 871,984.

fore, be used, and consequently, boron nitrid. which is the most refractory nitrid, caneve'n at very high temperatures be used as an insulating holder for the metal filament s, made of tungsten, or the like, there being no danger that the holder will be affected regarding its properties by thermic or electric influences, even during long periods of use, if the surrounding atmosphere contains enough nitrogen that the decomposing effects of the current or the temperature are counteracted. The pressure of the nitrogen need be only proportionately small, as the dissociation only at very high temperatures assumes considerable proportions. For preventing discharges of gas, however, it is desirable to make the pressure'as high as possible. The amount of the nitrogen pressure in the lamp depends upon the nature and the temperature of the nitrid used, and is determined thereby. The pressure of the gases otherwise present is determined by the well-known principles followed in the manufacture of electric gas lamps. Instead of boron nitrid, also other refractory, non-conducting or poorly conducting nitrids, e. g

silicon, aluminum, magnesium, or the like,

can be used.

As incandescent filament preferably tungsten is used, which is not affected by boron nitrid at the temperatures referred to. One can use the boron nitrid as the core for a fine spiral, for a double spiral, as holder for short hooks, in the shape of small rods and plates, and one can increase the temperature to over 2000 C., no decomposition or injurious decrease of its insulating capacity taking place.

An example is shown in the accompanying drawing, Where a spiral of tungsten is wound in Zig-Zag shape over two small thin rods 66, made of boron nitrid, a considerable difference in potential existing between the points 1 and 2 of the glowing rod.

; I claim as my invention:

1. A gas filled electric incandescent lamp, containing a holder used as a support for highly heated metal filaments and made of a refractory insulating nitrid.

2. In a gas filled electric incandescent lamp, a holder used as a support for highly heated metal filaments and made of a refractory insulating nitrid, in combination with an atmosphere containing nitrogen.

3. A gas filled electric incandescent lamp,

containing a holder used as a support for highly heated metal filaments and made of boron nitrid. Y

4. In a gas filled electric incandescent lamp, a holder used as a support for highly heated meta-l filaments and made of boron nitrid, in combination With an atmosphere containing nitrogen.

5. In a gas filled electric incandescent lamp, a holder used as a support for highly heated metal filaments'and made of boron nitrid, in combination with an atmosphere giving ofi nitrogenJ In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

EMIL 'PODSZUS.

HENRY HASPER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Gommissiom of Patents. Washington, D. 0. 

